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Asbestos Use on the Rise in U.S.

Tuesday, August 7, 2012

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Despite its well-known hazards and outright bans in many countries, asbestos use continues to climb in the United States, the U.S. Geological Survey reports.

Although the mineral is no longer even mined in the United States, U.S. consumption of asbestos increased by 13% from 2010 to 2011, the USGS reports.

U.S. Department of Labor

Chrysotile asbestos was the only kind of asbestos used in the United States last year.

Roofing products are the country’s leading end market for asbestos, accounting for 41% of consumption.

The U.S. consumed 1,180 metric tons of asbestos in 2011, an increase from 1,040 metric tons in 2010, according to the USGS’s new 2011 Minerals Yearbook.

Bans and Warnings

Asbestos has not been mined in the United States since 2002; the country imports its supplies from Canada, Brazil and South Africa.

Chrysotile asbestos, the only type used in the United States in 2011, has been banned in the European Union, Australia, Hong Kong, Japan and New Zealand. Canada also recently ceased mining of asbestos.

The mineral is classified as a known human carcinogen by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Environmental Protection Agency, and the International Agency for Research on Cancer.

In 1989, the Environmental Protection Agency issued a rule banning most asbestos-containing products, but the rule was overturned in 1991 in Corrosion Proof Fittings v. EPA. The ruling said, among other things, that the EPA had not sufficiently explored the safety of asbestos alternatives before issuing the ban.

The ruling leaves many products that can still legally contain trace amounts of asbestos. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration regulates asbestos exposure in the workplace.

Stockpiling Cited

The USGS said the increase in U.S. consumption was likely due to the stockpiling of material for future use, because it was “unlikely that the markets had expanded.”

Calvin College

The U.S. consumed 1,180 metric tons of asbestos in 2011, up from 1,040 metric tons in 2010.

In addition to roofing products, diaphragms for the chlor-alkali industry account for 28% of U.S. asbestos demand; coating and compounds, 2%, plastics, less than 1%; and other uses, about 29%, the USGS reported.

Much of the chrysotile for which no end use was specified was likely to have been used by the chlor-alkali industry in 2011, the USGS said, citing data reported by the United Business Media Global Trade.

“Chrysotile was the only type of asbestos used in the United States in 2011, 49% of which was grade 7, 16% was grade 5,12% was grade 4, and 23% was unspecified,” the report said.

Despite the increase in consumption, the report suggests that use of the fiber is likely to decline over time as the few remaining consuming industries slowly replace older asbestos-based technology or phase out its use.

However, world production remained at 2 million metric tons in 2011, due to continued demand.